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Last week was characterised by a rapid appreciation in the value of the US Dollar. However, this wasn’t due to improving economic conditions in the US as much as confirmation of deterioration in other countries. The dollar also took strength from falling commodity prices.

The currencies worst hit against the Greenback were the UK Pound, Euro, Canadian Dollar and Australian Dollar. The GBPUSD made a new 21-month low, the EURUSD has its sharpest fall in 3 years, the AUDUSD extended its longest loosing streak since 1980 and the CADUSD had its biggest weekly rally since 1971.

The UK, Eurozone and Australia all kept interest rates on hold last week. Australia sighted economic slowdown in a statement that left the way open for a rate cut at the RBA’s next meeting while the Eurozone conceded that there was no monetary policy bias, thus killing any hopes of further rate hikes from the ECB.

The Canadian Dollar suffered from a poor labor report. Employment Change came in at -55K as opposed to the +5K expected.

The coming week is very busy with a host of high volatility events expected once again. We begin on Monday morning with the RBA Monetary Policy Statement. Traders will be looking at this to confirm the chance of a rate cut at the next interest rate meeting. We also have UK PPI Input at 09:30 with expectations of 1.0% MoM growth for July. Heading into the US trading session we have Canadian Housing Starts at 13:15. Last week we saw Canadian Building Permits fall by more than expected at -5.3% MoM with Housing Starts also expected to fall slightly from 218K in June to 210K for July.

Tuesday will bring the latest round of inflation data from the UK with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) YoY watched very closely. Economists are expecting the YoY figure to rise to 4.1%. Later on Tuesday we will see high volatility for the US and Canadian Trade Balance releases. US Trade Deficit is expected to widen from 59.8B to 61.8B while Canadian Trade Surplus should increase slightly to 5.7B from 5.5B.

We continue on Wednesday with the Japanese preliminary GDP. This is a quarterly calculation with GDP expected to show contraction of 0.6% from growth of 1.0% in the previous quarter. UK Claimant Count Change is also due with an extra 17.5K expected to have claimed unemployment benefit in July. There is an economic report from the BOE due at 10:30. The BOE Inflation Report follows yesterday’s CPI news. The next round of high volatility data from the US comes at 13:30 with Core Retail Sales and Retail Sales hitting the wire. The Core number is expected to show 0.5% growth MoM while the raw number will probably be flat at 0.0% MoM.

Thursday will be typically busy with high volatility from the Eurozone, US, Canada and New Zealand. First up is German Preliminary GDP QoQ. GDP is expected to have contracted by 0.8% after 1.5% growth in the previous quarter. Trichet spoke last week of a “technical correction” in GDP and this would be the first evidence of that. At 10:00 Eurozone CPI YoY is due with a number of 4.1% widely expected. Next is US Core CPI MoM. A reading of 0.2% is expected after 0.3% growth in June. The Bank of Canada will add to the excitement on Thursday with its Summer Quarterly Review. Traders will be particularly interested to see how the BOC explains Canada’s economic performance over recent months. Data from New Zealand will be of high importance with Core Retail Sales and Retail Sales due. Both numbers are expected to post a MoM decline with -0.8% and -1.6% anticipated respectively.

Friday will round off the week with two more high volatility events. First is the latest round of Treasury International Capital (TIC) Net Long-Term Transactions data. It is expected that 55.0B of foreign investment came into the US long-term securities market last month from 67.0B the month before. Also due is the preliminary University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment with a number of 62.0 expected.

Visual Analysis and Historical Data

In the up coming week the visual analysis and historical data tool will support the US Core CPI release.

This week could be the key to setting the near to medium term sentiment in the USD. Highly anticipated economic data is due this week with the Advance GDP and Non-Farm Employment Change top of the list.

The US economic calendar begins the week slowly and we have to wait until 15:00 on Tuesday 29th for our first high volatility event. The Consumer Confidence Index has been falling consistently with economists expecting further declines this month. Consumer Confidence is seen as key to consumer spending. However, with global energy inflation driving domestic CPI its effects are hard to decipher.

Further high volatility will come from the US on Wednesday with ADP Non-Farm Employment Change due. This data acts as a preview to the official Non-Farm Payrolls news released later in the week. However, any correlation between the two sets of numbers is weak at best. Never the less, traders will be watching keenly at 13:15 on the 30th.

Thursday will be a busy trading period all-around but the main focus will be US Advance GDP. This data related to Q2 and is expected to show annualized growth of 2.2%. It should also be noted that the Employment Cost Index QoQ and Initial Jobless Claims are due at 13:30. Although they are not expected to be high volatility events themselves they will carry increased influence due to the employment data due the following day.

The first Friday of every month is always a big day due to Non-Farm Employment Change. This news carries arguably the most volatility to the market of any economic data. Coupled with the release of US Unemployment Rate (which is creating more volatility of late as economists watch the labor market show signs of economic recession) the early morning New York session promises to be a busy one. Payrolls are expected to show contraction of 75K for the month of June while Unemployment Rate probably increased to 5.6%.

It should not be forgotten that the ISM Manufacturing Index is also due on Friday. Traders are expecting the Index to show 49.4, a level that indicates contraction in the manufacturing industry.

Further high volatility events for this week are as follows:

Sunday July 27th
New Zealand Trade Balance

Monday July 28th
New Zealand Building Consents

Wednesday July 30th
Australian Building Approvals

Thursday July 31st
Australian Retail Sales
Australian Trade Balance
Swiss CPI
Nationwide House Price Index
Canadian GDP

Friday August 1st
UK Manufacturing PMI

As a side note it may be worth watching AUDUSD this week. With decent volatility expected in both currencies and price just below 25-year highs it could be a pivotal week.

This week the market awaits commentary from Fed speakers, including Bernanke, regarding future monetary policy. Economists are interested to see whether the Fed sees inflation as more of a risk than a weak economy ahead of future interest rate meetings. The question remains: can the US economy survive an inflation fighting rate hike without falling into recession.

This comes on the back of comments last week from the ECB. The Eurozone increased interest rates to 4.25% last Thursday but stated that they don’t expect any future need for further hikes. This resulted in ‘buy on rumour sell on fact’ trading in the EURUSD. Post data the currency pair fell from 1.5908 to a Thursday low of 1.5681.

Early focus in the new week will be on the reaction from US traders following the dismal US Labor market data. Non-Farm Employment Change was in negative territory once again (-62K), Unemployment Rate remained at 5.5% and Initial Jobless Claims climbed above 400K for the second time this year. US markets were closed on Friday for the Independence Day Holiday so it will be interesting to see how traders digest the news after the long weekend.

Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday this week will see a 3-day G8 meeting in Hokkaido, Japan. The meeting is expected to be dominated by climate change, food and commodity prices. There have been pre-meeting comments from Japan and the US blaming a weak US Dollar for inflated energy prices. Traders are waiting to see if G8 members’ comments are strong enough to support a dollar rally on speculation of central bank intervention.

In other news this week, high volatility economic data from the US takes a bit of a breather. The main events will be Fed Chairman Bernanke speech at 13:00 on Tuesday and his testimony before the House of Representatives Committee on Financial Services on Thursday at 15:00. Traders will be looking for hints as to the Fed’s concern over inflation.

The US is also due Pending Home Sales at 15:00 on Tuesday, Initial Jobless Claims at 13:30 on Thursday (more volatility than usual is expected due to the +400K reading last week) and the Trade Balance and Preliminary Michigan Sentiment at 13:30 and 14:55 respectively. The only data that is expected to show any improvement is Initial Jobless Claims where a slight moderation to 397K is expected.

Elsewhere the Canadian economy steels the spotlight with no fewer than five high volatility releases due. Monday will see Building Permits (13:30) and the BOC Business Outlook Survey (15:00). Following this we will see Employment Change and Unemployment Rate at 12:00 and the Canadian Trade Balance at 13:30 on Friday.

Additional high volatility events this week are as follows (all times are UK DST):

Monday
UK Industrial Production (09:30)
NZIER Business Confidence (23:00)

Tuesday
Halifax House Price Index (NTS)

Wednesday
Australian Home Loans (02:30)

Thursday
Australian Employment Change (02:30)
Australian Unemployment Rate (02:30)
BOE Interest Rate Statement (12:00)

The ECB Interest Rate Announcement and US Non-Farm Employment Change look set to dominate this week's economic calendar with much volatility expected.

Last week we saw Dollar negative sentiment drag the greenback lower against the majors. This was after the FOMC seemed to distance itself from the need for an urgent rate hike. It seems that the negative pressure on the economy outweighs the need for commodity inflation controlling rate increases. Interest rate futures reacted accordingly with only a 25% chance of a rate hike in August (down from 40%).

Therefore, it stands to reason that this weeks NFP report will be very closely watched. We have been seeing US labor conditions deteriorate recently with a contraction in payrolls, a steadily rising trend in the number of Initial Jobless Claims and a rapid increase to 5.5% Unemployment Rate.  If the US labor market fails to show signs of improvement this week, and few economists are expecting that it will, then further US Dollar weakness is likely. The Non-Farm Employment Change, Unemployment Rate and Average Hourly Earnings data releases have all been moved to Thursday July 3rd because of the US Independence Day holiday on Friday July 4th.

Also due on Thursday is the ECB Interest Rate Announcement. Rates are expected to increase from 4.00% to 4.25% as the ECB looks to counteract increasing inflation. With the CPI Flash Estimate expected to increase to 3.9% YoY (release on Monday June 30th at 11:00 CET) the hike is almost a done deal. As usual traders will be watching the ECB commentary at the press conference held later in the day. It is due to take place at the same time as the US labor releases so extreme volatility is expected.

Elsewhere we have a busy week in store for the CAD, NZD, GBP and AUD.

Trading in the Canadian Dollar will be influenced by oil prices and also Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the Ivey PMI. The latter may see slightly less volatility than normal as it falls on the US holiday. The week will be cut slightly short in Canada too because of the Canada Day holiday on Tuesday July 1st.

High volatility will be seen in the New Zealand Dollar at the beginning of the week with Building Consents and Business Confidence both due to hit the wire. Trading in the NZDUSD is likely to be dominated by US data arriving later in the week however.

The GBP benefited last week from BOE comments about inflation. This week we will see Nationwide House Prices, Manufacturing PMI, the Halifax House Price Index and Services PMI from the UK. Each of these releases is expected to create high market volatility.

Volatility in the Australian Dollar will benefit this week from the releases of the RBA Interest Rate Statement (expected to remain on hold at 7.25%), Building Approvals, Retail Sales and Trade Balance data.

This week's high volatility events are as follows (all events are London time, UK DST, GMT+1):

Sunday: New Zealand Building Consents (23:45)
Monday: New Zealand Business Confidence (04:00)
Canadian GDP (13:30)
Tuesday: Japanese Tankan Large Manufacturers Index (00:50)
RBA Interest Rate Statement (05:30)
Nationwide House Price Index (07:00)
UK Manufacturing PMI (09:30)
US ISM Manufacturing Prices (15:00)
Wednesday: Australian Building Approvals (02:30)
Australian Retail Sales (02:30)
US ADP Non-Farm Employment Change (13:15)
Thursday: Australian Trade Balance (02:30)
Swiss CPI (06:45)
Halifax House Price Index (NTS)
UK Services PMI (09:30)
ECB Interest Rate Announcement (12:45)
ECB Press Conference (13:30)
US Non-Farm Employment Change (13:30)
US Unemployment Rate (13:30)
US ISM Non-Manufacturing Composite (15:00)
Friday: Ivey PMI (15:00)

The US Dollar ended last week broadly lower against the majors on worse than expected economic data and reduced speculation of a Fed Interest rate hike. In fact the greenback traded lower against the Japanese Yen, Swiss Franc, Euro, GB Pound, Canadian Dollar and the Australian Dollar, as it was unable to hold on to all of the prior week’s strength.

On the data front the USD was not helped by Housing Starts falling to a 17 year low or the fact that the Empire State Business Conditions Index, Building Permits, Philly Fed Index, Industrial Production, Capacity Utilization, Current Account and Initial Jobless Claims all pointed towards economic slowdown.

Interest rate futures are now showing just an 8% chance that the FOMC will increase rates this month. As you would expect the FOMC Interest Rate Statement on Wednesday is the major focus for the week. Particular attention will be paid to the Fed’s views on inflation risk and economic slowdown. Remember that the Fed’s traditional tool for dealing with inflation is a rate hike. However, increased interest rates may put too much pressure on an already weakening economy.

The Federal Reserve Open Market Committee is expected to leave the Federal Funds Rate unchanged at 2.00% this week.

Aside from the interest rate announcement we have high volatility housing data from the US this week. On Wednesday, New Home Sales are expected to contract once more to 515K. This will be followed by Existing Home Sales data on Thursday that is expected to post an increase to 4.96M annualized.

The coming week promises to be fairly quiet from an economic news standpoint with the following high volatility events scheduled:

Monday June 23^rd - German Ifo Business Climate Index
Wednesday June 25^th - ECB President Trichet Speaks, US Core Durable Goods Orders, New Zealand Current Account
Thursday June 26^th - BOE MPC Treasury Committee Hearings, New Zealand GDP & Trade Balance

Visual Analysis & Historical Data

Once again our VA tool will be available for following major news releases. The US housing duo of New Home Sales and Existing Home Sales will both be featured.

The GBPUSD currency pair promises to be in focus this week as the UK and US both have busy economic release schedules

On Monday we will see PPI Input and Trade Balance data from the UK at 09:30. Both of these releases are regarded with maximum importance. Economists are expecting PPI Input to come in at 1.8% MoM. The index is important because it assumes that the manufacturing sector will look to pass on increasing costs to the consumer. Elevated Producer Inflation has been caused by an increase in fuel and commodity prices and the impact of a softening Pound. PPI Output is also set to be released at the same time although this is slightly less important to the market.

The UK Trade Balance, released by The Office for National Statistics, is expected to narrow slightly to -7.5 billion pounds from an expected revision of -£7.6 bln in February.

This Tuesday (13^th) will be equally as busy. Just after midnight UK time, the RICS House Price Balance will be released. Economists are expecting 80% of mortgage surveyors polled to report house prices falling in their area from the 78.5% last month.

At 09:30 the highly anticipated UK Consumer Price Index will be released. Traders will be most interested in the CPI YoY because it is the benchmark reading that the BOE uses in its monetary policy considerations. The CPI is expected to increase to 2.6% from a previous reading of 2.5%. Core CPI is also expected to increase from 1.2% to 1.3%

After a quiet Monday, the first high volatility news from the US will be released on Tuesday. The action starts at 13:20 with Fed Chairman Bernanke’s speech at the Atlanta Fed’s Financial Markets Conference. Then, at 13:30 (08:30 EDT) Retail Sales and Core Retail Sales are due. Retail sales are expected to decrease MoM by -0.2%, however the core number is set to rise by 0.2%.

Later in the week we will see the further action from the UK and US with BOE Quarterly Inflation Report (Wednesday @10:30), US Core CPI MoM (Wednesday @ 13:30), Empire State Business (Manufacturing) Conditions Index (Thursday, 13:30), TIC Net Long-Term Transactions (Thursday, 14:00), Fed Chairman Bernanke speaking at the Chicago Fed’s annual convention (Thursday, 14:30), Philadelphia Fed’s Manufacturing Index (Thursday, 15:00) and finally Michigan Consumer Sentiment at 14:55 on Friday.

Outside of the US and UK this week the following high volatility events are scheduled:

NZD – Retail Sales MoM, Wednesday @ 23:45
NZD – PPI Input MoM, Thursday @ 23:45
JPY – Preliminary GDP QoQ, Friday @ 00:50

Economic Speeches and Comments

As usual there are a number of key comment and events to be aware of, especially from the US. The Atlanta Fed’s Financial Markets Conference dominates the first part of the week with no less than 3 Federal Reserve officials speaking on Tuesday. The market will focus on Bernanke’s comments at 13:20 with Warsh and Plosser participating in discussions later in the day.

Bernanke is also due to speak at the Chicago Fed’s Annual Conference on Bank Structure and Competition on Thursday, 14:30. This is also a high profile event as Bernanke’s comments focus on “Risk Management at Banking Organizations”.

Full details can be found at this week’s speech and comment calendar.

Also this week, the visual analysis and historical data tool is available for Core US CPI.